Electricity, explained: 
I think its time for me to explain about 220 current 
and why it is so different from 110-volt service. 
First of all, it's twice as big. Secondly, it'll shock 
you more. Outside of that, 220 is really two 110 volt 
lines coming to your house from different parts of the 
globe. 
The up and down 110 comes from the northern 
hemisphere, and the down and up version comes from 
below the equator. Without trying to get technical, it 
all boils down to the direction water flows when it 
goes down the drain. In the top of the earth, it goes 
clockwise, while on the bottom of the earth it goes 
counter clockwise. Since most electricity is made from 
hydro dams, the clockwise flow gives you an up and 
down sine wave, while the counterclockwise version 
gives you a down and up sine wave. Between the two, 
you have 220 volts, while either individual side only 
gives you 110 volts. This is particularly important to 
know when buying power tools as to which side of the 
globe did they come from? 
If you get an Australian saw, for instance, it will 
turn backwards if connected to a U.S.-generated 
110-volt source. 
Sure, you can buy backwards blades for it, but that 
is an unnecessary burden. Other appliances, like 
toasters, cannot be converted from Australian electricity 
to American electricity, without horrible results. I knew 
one person who bought an Australian toaster by mistake and 
it froze the slices of bread she put in it. 
If you wire your shop with 220 and accidentally get two 
U.S.-generated 110-volt lines run in by accident, you 
can get 220 by using a trick I learned from an old 
electrician. Just put each source into its own fuse 
box and then turn one of the boxes upside down. 
That'll invert one of the two up and down sine waves 
to down and up, giving you 220. 
..DO NOT just turn the box sideways, since that'll give 
you 165 volts and you'll be limited to just using 
Canadian tools with it. 
I hope this clears everything up.